Diagnosis of Male Infertility
In addition to obtaining a semen analysis, there are other means to finding the cause(s) of male infertility.
Blood Studies
Blood is drawn to measure the hormones produced by the pituitary gland, thyroid gland or testicles since any abnormality of these levels may alter sperm production. Occasionally, blood is drawn to evaluate the man’s chromosomal structure because any alterations in his chromosomes can prevent fertilization from taking place.
Testicular Biopsy
This is a diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of men who have either a complete absence of sperm or a very low sperm count. A man may have normal hormone levels and the testicular biopsy is necessary to determine if the absence of sperm is due to an obstruction or blockage. The biopsy determines testicular abnormalities including Sertoli cell only syndrome, sperm maturation arrest, testicular failure, or damage due to toxins, radiation therapy or chemotherapy. Any of these conditions can result in the absence of sperm.
Transrectal Ultrasound
This a non-invasive diagnostic ultrasound used to examine accessory sex glands. Abnormalities of the seminal vesicles and absence of the vas deferens can be seen.
Vasography
A radiological evaluation that reveals an obstruction of the ductal system. The results of the vasogram direst the urologist’s treatment, either surgically or with medications.
